NC lathe machining is a high-precision, high-efficiency automatic machine tool with digital information control components and tool displacement machining method. It is an effective way to solve the problems of variety change, small batch, complex shape and high precision of aerospace product parts, and to realize efficient automatic processing. The following is to understand the NC lathe processing methods are generally divided into several types?

1、 Classification according to process use:

1. general NC lathe processing. This kind of CNC lathe processing is the same as the traditional general-purpose lathe processing. There are CNC lathes, milling machines, boring, drilling, grinding machines and other mechanical processing methods. This kind of CNC lathe processing technology may be similar to the general-purpose machine tools, except that it can process parts with complex shapes.

2. CNC lathe processing. This kind of NC lathe processing is developed on the basis of general NC lathe processing. It is a kind of CNC lathe with automatic tool change device (also known as multi process CNC lathe or boring and milling machining center, usually referred to as machining center for short), which makes CNC lathe machining further develop towards automation and high efficiency.

3. multi coordinate CNC lathe processing. Some parts with complex shapes, such as propeller and aircraft curved surface parts, can not be machined with a three-axis NC lathe. It requires the combined motion of more than three coordinates to produce the required shape. Therefore, multi coordinate NC lathe machining appears, which is characterized by a large number of axes controlled by the NC device and a complex lathe structure. The number of axes usually depends on the processing technology requirements of the machined parts.

2、 Classify according to the movement track of CNC lathe:

1. point control CNC lathe processing. The numerical control device of this numerical control lathe can only control the moving parts of the lathe to move accurately from one position to another, that is, it can only control the coordinate value of the end point of the stroke, and no cutting is performed during the movement. As for the moving speed and route between the two relevant points, it depends on the productivity. In order to achieve the highest possible productivity on the basis of accurate positioning, the movement between the two relevant points first moves quickly to approach the new position, and then reduces by 1-3 levels to make it approach the positioning point slowly to ensure its positioning accuracy.

2. point position linear control CNC lathe processing. This kind of NC lathe not only controls the position between the two related points, but also controls the moving speed and route between the two related points. The route generally consists of straight sections parallel to each axis. The difference between the point control NC lathe and the point control NC lathe is that when the moving parts of the lathe move, they can cut along the direction of the coordinate axis (generally they can cut along the 45 ° inclined line, but they cannot cut along any slope straight line). The auxiliary functions are more than those of the point control NC lathe, such as adding spindle speed control, circular feed processing, tool selection, etc.

3. contour control CNC lathe processing. The control device for NC lathe machining can continuously control two or more coordinate axes at the same time. During machining, it is necessary to control not only the starting point and the end point, but also the speed and position of each point in the whole machining process, so that the CNC lathe can process the complex shape parts that meet the requirements of the drawing. Its auxiliary functions are relatively complete.

CNC lathe processing which good

3、 Classify according to the control mode of the servo system:

1. open loop control CNC lathe processing. There is no feedback device in the open-loop control of NC lathe machining. The signal sending process of the numerical control device is one-way, so there is no system stability problem. Because of the unidirectional process of the signal, it does not check the actual position of the moving parts of the NC lathe, so the machining accuracy of the NC lathe is not high, and the accuracy mainly depends on the performance of the servo system. The working process is: the input data is distributed with command pulses through numerical control device operation, and the controlled worktable is moved by servo mechanism (servo element is usually stepper motor).

2. closed loop control CNC lathe processing. Because the open-loop control accuracy does not meet the requirements of precision CNC lathes and large CNC lathes, its actual working position must be tested. Therefore, the detection feedback device is added to the open-loop control NC lathe, and the position of the moving parts of the NC lathe is always detected during the machining process to make it consistent with the position required by the NC device, so as to achieve high machining accuracy.

3. open loop compensation CNC lathe processing. The characteristics of open-loop control NC lathe machining and closed-loop control NC lathe machining are selectively concentrated together, and a hybrid control scheme can be formed. Large CNC lathes require high feed and return speeds and high accuracy. If only full closed-loop control is adopted, the transmission chain and workbench of the CNC lathe are placed in the control link. The factors are very complex. Although there are many installation and commissioning, it is still very difficult. In order to avoid these contradictions, hybrid control can be used.

4、 Classified by CNC equipment:

1. hard wire CNC lathe processing. The input, insertion, operation, control and other functions of this CNC system are realized through integrated circuits or separate components. Generally speaking, different CNC lathes have different control circuits, so the universality of the system is poor. Because they are all hardware, the function and flexibility are poor.

2. flexible wire CNC lathe processing. This system uses medium, large and super large integrated circuits to form a numerical control device, or a microcomputer and a special integrated chip. Its main numerical control functions are almost realized by software. For different CNC lathes, only different software needs to be compiled, and the hardware can be almost universal. Therefore, it has strong flexibility and adaptability, and is convenient for mass production. Modular software and hardware improve the quality and reliability of the system. Therefore, modern CNC lathes use CNC devices.